NCERT Courses

Physics XI Part-I

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The world around us has an astonishing variety of phenomenon. Science /Physics gives us a chance to take a closer look and try to understand these. We have evidence to support the work done since ancient times by thinkers, philosophers and scientists. They tried to unravel the mysteries around us. The excitement of learning, to do systematic scientific work is the root of this course. You will learn methods of measurement-including universally accepted norms. Kinematics, that helps us to describe any motion and dynamics which helps us to identify the causes of motion. Some energy is required to move things and we will define these in scientific terminology in a way that communication about physics to others is easy. In this course we will learn about different ways bodies move vis motion in a straight line, in a plane. You will also learn about system of particles, rigid body rotation and extend it to explore gravitation. We have to first understand the basics, therefore in times when scientific skills are far advanced as compared to what they were many years ago, we will still revisit those ideas and study physical laws within limits. Understanding the fundamental rules of nature, help us to extend them to more complex situations in real life. Mathematics. is important for the physics course because it lends excitement to it We will first learn the physical concept and only then apply appropriate mathematics to it. we will use new mathematical operations like vector algebra, basic differentiation and integration, in physics, problems with numbers are called numerical, these lend excitement to the course. We will help you learn methods of solving these with ease by several examples throughout the course.This course has 6 unitsPhysical world and measurementKinematicsLaws of motionWork, Energy and PowerMotion of system of particles and rigid bodyGravitationThe aim and design of the course is to develop a deeper understanding of different concepts in Physics. As you work through the course you will find lecture videos, e-text, suggestions for problem solving methods, animations, practice questions, study guides. Assignments and Tests to keep track of your achievements. This course is divided into 41 modules for better understanding.

Physics XI Part-II

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Physics Course 2 covers the second book of physics for class 11. The course starts with bulk properties of matter, giving scientific names to many phenomena that we observe around us. The course explains the peculiar behaviour of materials in different states of matter. This part is therefore very exciting. We will cover kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics. Both these units will help us to justify the behaviour of gases for innumerable uses related to getting mechanical work done by heat. The challenging unit on oscillations and waves has been dealt with differently to explain kinematics and dynamic of oscillators. Wave motion as a method of energy propagation and properties of waves, the cases of superposition are explained with simplicity. The course has 4 units covered over 42 modules for better understanding. Based on feedback from teachers and students we have included modules after completion of each unit to enhance the unit by additional examples and explanations.This course has 4 unitsProperties of Bulk matterThermodynamicsBehaviour of perfect gases and kinetic theory of gasesOscillations and wavesThe aim and design of the course is to develop a deeper understanding of different concepts in Physics. As you work through the course, you will find lecture videos, e-text, suggestions for problem solving methods, animations, practice questions, study guides. Assignments and Tests are provided to keep track of your achievements.This course is divided into 42 modules for better understanding.

Psychology XI Part-I

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The subject of psychology, which deals with human mind, behaviour and human relationship, can most appropriately lend itself to teaching with humanistic perspective. Such a perspective aims at enriching students knowledge as well as inspiring and awakening their curiosity, positive feelings, desire to learn, openness, exploration of self and others, etc. Such an approach is also conducive to their personal development and inculcation of positive attitude and love for the subjects. As for class XI students psychology will be a new subject, it would be important to dwell on the potential of the subject, it value in daily life and various career possibilities. Students, it is expected, will be made aware of the empirical nature of the discipline and the importance of adopting scientific approach in studying human behaviour. This course consists of nine chapters on topics considered essential for an introductory course in psychology like learning, thinking, memory, motivation and emotion, etc. Efforts have been made to provide linkages across and within the chapters to maintain continuity and holistic perspective. Meaningful contexts have been provided to relate the subject matter with day-to-day life.

Chemistry XII Part-I

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Chemistry is the study of matter and its properties. This course is designed for class 12th on NCERT textbook pattern, it is intended to cover topics on Solid State, Solutions, Electrochemistry, Chemical Kinetics, Surface Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, The p-Block Elements, d- and f-Block Elements and Coordination Compounds for the students of Class XII specific, and others interested in general. The subject matter has been organized according to the laws and principles of chemistry. The course has been designed and developed to provide an insight view of interesting and meaningful chemistry topics such as classification of solids, various type of solutions and their properties, how substances interact to absorb or produce energy, application of electrochemical processes in the working of cells and batteries, phenomenon of adsorption, extraction of ores and minerals, the study of p-,d- and f-block elements, the chemistry of coordination compounds etc.This is a 6 months course and has been organized into week wise schedule where learners can have access to highly multimedia enriched videos along text, reading material, references and online assessments.

Economic XII Part-I

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It is a course which offers understanding of the various principles of microeconomics. Here effort has been made to familiarize learners with the beauty of economic analysis without burdening them with the technical details. Here, there is discussion on the various aspects of consumer behaviour, producer behaviour and their interaction in the market. One such market i.e. perfect market includes discussion on how to maximize efficiency and generate surplus for both consumers and the producers. Such a market is very rare in the economy. Thus, there is also a discussion on different types of imperfect market like monopoly etc. We hope these steps will take us significantly towards the child centred education as advocated in the National Policy of Education (1986). The course will motivate the teachers to reflect on their own teaching and treat children as participant in learning. It is a course which offers understanding of the various principles of microeconomics. Here effort has been made to familiarize learners with the beauty of economic analysis without burdening them with the technical details. Here, there is discussion on the various aspects of consumer behaviour, producer behaviour and their interaction in the market. One such market i.e. perfect market includes discussion on how to maximize efficiency and generate surplus for both consumers and the producers. Such a market is very rare in the economy. Thus, there is also a discussion on different types of imperfect market like monopoly etc. We hope these steps will take us significantly towards the child centred education as advocated in the National Policy of Education (1986). The course will motivate the teachers to reflect on their own teaching and treat children as participant in learning.

Geography XI Part-I

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You have studied Geography as one of the components of social sciences up to secondary stage. Now, you will study Geography as an independent subject and learn about the physical environment of the earth, human activities and their interaction. We live on the surface of the earth. Our lives are affected by our surroundings in many ways. We depend on the resources to sustain ourselves in the surrounding areas. In Geography, you learn about the diverse lands and people. You should be curious to know about all the phenomena which vary over space. You should also be interested in understanding the changes which have taken place over time. Geography equips you to appreciate diversity and investigate into the causes responsible for creating such variations over time and space. This variation provides a clue to the understanding of the relationship between the physical environment and social & cultural features. Geographers not only study the variations in the phenomena over the earth’s surface but, also study the associations with the factors which cause these variations. They further try to study the relationship within these factors. A geographer explains the phenomena in a cause-and-effect relationship. This not only helps in interpretation but, also in foreseeing the phenomena in the future. Geographical phenomena, both physical and human, are not static but highly dynamic. This is the result of interaction between ever changing earth and human beings. This course on “Fundamentals of Physical Geography”, deals with the Origin and Evolution of the Earth, Landforms and their evolution, Climate, Submarine relief, Movement of ocean water, Biosphere and many more from class XI Geography course. Dr. Aparna Pandey Professor, Department of Education in Social Sciences (DESS), NCERT will be interacting with you during the course. Each module of the course will have five quadrants: e-Tutorial (Video/Audio), e-text, Web resources, Self Assessment questions (MCQs, right wrong, one word answers etc.) and transcription of the video. Hope you will enjoy the course, wish you all the best.

Economic XI Part-I

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We welcome you on the online course of Indian Economic Development.The course will deal with “Indian Economic Development” from class XI Economics. It will give an idea to the learners about the foundation of Indian Economics & its development since Independence. The course will begin with a brief background of the Indian Economy on the eve of Independence. It will familiarise the learners with sectors of Indian Economy. It will also explain the planning process in India & its impact on different sectors of the economy. The reasons & processes of Economic reforms and the impact of economy will also be analysed. The learners will get an opportunity to know some of the major challenges facing the economy such as poverty, human capital formation, rural development, inflation, employment, infrastructure & sustainable development. A comparison of the development experience of India and its neighbouring countries will provide an idea of the perspective of development in these countries.This is a 6 months duration course (23 weeks). Each module of the course will have four quadrants, text, video, weblinks (to know more about the concept from other resources over the web), self-assessment questions (MCQs, true/false, one word answers etc.).

Biology XI Part-II

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The reductionist approach to study of life forms resulted in increasing use of physio-chemical concepts and techniques. Majority of these studies employed either surviving tissue model or straightaway cell free systems. An explosion of knowledge resulted in molecular biology. Molecular physiology became almost synonymous with biochemistry and biophysics. However, it is now being increasingly realised that neither a purely organismic approach nor a purely reductionistic molecular approach would reveal the truth about biological processes or living phenomena. Systems biology makes us believe that all living phenomena are emergent properties due to interaction among components of the system under study. Regulatory network of molecules, supra molecular assemblies, cells, tissues, organisms and indeed, populations and communities, each create emergent properties. This course brings to you the chapters various physiological processes like digestion, exchange of gases, blood circulation, locomotion and movement, coordination and regulation of body events at the organismic level.The description of structure and variation of living organisms over a period of time, ended up as two, apparently irreconcilable perspectives on biology. The two perspectives essentially rested on two levels of organisation of life forms and phenomena. One described at organismic and above level of organisation while the second described at cellular and molecular level of organisation. The first resulted in ecology and related disciplines. The second resulted in physiology and biochemistry. Description of physiological processes, in flowering plants as an example, is what is given in the chapters in this unit. The processes of mineral nutrition of plants, photosynthesis, transport, respiration and ultimately plant growth and development are described in molecular terms but in the context of cellular activities and even at organism level. Wherever appropriate, the relation of the physiological processes to environment is also discussed.

English XII

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Annual Preparatory Programme for Enhancement in Academics and Revision (APPEAR) in English for class XII is a self-learning, revision and preparatory programme for class XII students of English Core from CBSE curriculum.The objectives of the course are:Better comprehension of concepts and contentHelp learners to develop language skills, andProvide quality teaching even in remote areas.The learning outcomes of the course are:Listen to speeches, lectures, podcasts, audiobooks, etc.; reflects; and communicate through speech and writingRead unfamiliar authentic text, story, poetry, article etc. silently at reasonable speed with adequate comprehensionWrite notice, poster, advertisement, invitation, letter, report, article speech and debate from verbal and visual cluesReview and revise topics, tasks and assignments with the help of text, audio and video for self-assessmentThe modules of the course are structured well to suit your learning needs. Each module consists of the following:Detailed discussion of the topic,Activities to help the learners master the topics,Questions with sample answers, and10 MCQs to check your understanding.This course will provide self-learning material prepared by the subject experts. Interesting and interactive activities along with e-text, audios, videos and web resources will help the learners master the content and help them APPEAR well in Board Examinations.

Accountancy XI Part-I

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An important part of any business organisation is the money that comes in and the money that goes out. Every bit of monetary inflow and outflow needs to be tracked and accounted for.This course is intended to develop understanding:Systematically recording the accounting transactions, accountants determine the profitability of a business, perform financial forecasts and assess the overall performance of a business enterprise.How can the credibility and usefulness of accounting and financial information be ensured? Or Why accounting and finance are the key elements for a business entity?To understand how accounting operates through Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, accounting standards and structured rules and procedures,This course will help the aspiring accountants, like you, to strengthen the conceptual base in accounting through variety of e-resources like video lectures, enrichment materials for supplementing textbooks, self-assessment inventory and checklist, external weblinks and many more activities for smooth progression and joyful learning.

Psychology XI Part-II

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The subject of psychology, which deals with human mind, behaviour and human relationship, can most appropriately lend itself to teaching with humanistic perspective. Such a perspective aims at enriching students knowledge as well as inspiring and awakening their curiosity, positive feelings, desire to learn, openness, exploration of self and others, etc. Such an approach is also conducive to their personal development and inculcation of positive attitude and love for the subjects. As for class XI students psychology will be a new subject, it would be important to dwell on the potential of the subject, it value in daily life and various career possibilities. Students, it is expected, will be made aware of the empirical nature of the discipline and the importance of adopting scientific approach in studying human behaviour. This course consists of nine chapters on topics considered essential for an introductory course in psychology like learning, thinking, memory, motivation and emotion, etc. Efforts have been made to provide linkages across and within the chapters to maintain continuity and holistic perspective. Meaningful contexts have been provided to relate the subject matter with day-to-day life.

Biology XI Part-I

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Biology is the science of life forms and living processes. The living world comprises a wide diversity of organisms. The observation of the diverse forms of life on earth was made initially through the naked eyes and later by using instruments such as magnifying lenses and microscopes. The organisms were described on the basis of observed structural features, both external and internal. The detailed description of life forms on the basis of appearance external and internal features brought out their concept of diversity. It is the cell theory that emphasised the unity underlying this diversity of forms, i.e., the cellular organisation of all life forms. Cell theory also created a sense of mystery around living phenomena, i.e., physiological and behavioural processes. This mystery was the requirement of integrity of cellular organisation for living phenomena to be demonstrated or observed.The course will deal with “Diversity in the Living world”, “Structural Organization in Plants and Animals” and “Cell Structure and Function” from class XI Biology.

Geography XII Part-I

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Geography is as an elective subject at the higher secondary stage. It is an academic discipline and school subject with defined perspective, knowledge and skills. Geographical knowledge is useful in daily lives because it is a valuable medium for the education of young people. Its contribution lies in the content, cognitive processes, skills and values that geography promotes. Thus, helping students explore, understand and evaluate the environmental and social dimensions of the world in a better manner. Since Geography explores the relationship between people and their environment, it includes studies of physical and human environments and their interactions at different scales-local, state/region, national and the world. The factors responsible for the variation in pattern of physical and human phenomena over the earth’s surface needs a proper understanding. Through this course, Students will be exposed to different methods used in geographical investigations.In this Course “Fundamentals of Human Geography”, students will be able to understand about the key concepts and basic principles of human geography. It will help them analyse the inter-relationship between physical and human environments and their patterns of spatial arrangement on the earth’s surface. Nature and distribution of human activities over the earth’s surface, as well as the uneven nature of population distribution will also be dealt here. Students will be able to understand population change and factors responsible for this. They will be able to understand the importance of transport, communication and trade in the ever shrinking world. Students will also be able to develop geographical skills, related to collection, processing and analysis of data/information and preparation of report. In doing this, they will learn to use maps and graphs and use of computers. Dr. Tannu Malik, Associate Professor in Department of Education in Social Sciences, NCERT, New Delhi will be interacting with you. Each module of this course will have four quadrants: e-Tutorial (Video/Audio), e-text, Web resources, Self-Assessment questions (MCQs, right wrong, one word answers, etc.) and transcription of the video. Hope you will enjoy the course.

Geography XI Part-II

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The Class XI Geography Text Book: India: Physical Environment makes a humble attempt to awaken the young minds about the rich and diverse aspects of India’s Physical Environment: Location and Space Relations, Geological Structure and Physiography, Drainage system, Climate, Natural Vegetation, Soils, Natural Hazards and Disasters.Unity in diversity is the essence of India. Diversity in terms of its geological structures: ranging from old peninsular block, and Aravalli Hills to young Deltas and alluvial plains, Relief and Physical features: ranging from the lofty Himalayas to low lying coastal plains and islands; Climate: ranging from the wettest Cherapunjee and Mawsynram in district West Khasi Hills in Meghalays to driest Thar Desert in Jaisalmer and Barmer districts, Rajasthan; Natural Vegetation: Ranging from Equatorial and Tropical Evergreen and tidal mangrove forests to xerophytes in the Indian desert are only a few of the many diverse features of its geography. These physical diversities though unrelated yet have been enriched by its socio-cultural diversities in terms of religions, faiths and believes, livelihood, culture and language, population composition, economic achievements and technological advancement etc. India has a distinction among all the countries of the world with harmonious coexistence of various religions, speakers of many languages and practitioners of various cultures over many centuries. These diversities in no way are impediments in forging a sense of unity and belonging to all its inhabitants. On the contrary, these have always reinforced the bond of unity among people of India. The role played by the mountain wall in its North and Indian Ocean to its South created an unique arena for the interplay of various natural and social factors which in turn contributed in making India a melting pot of cultural fusion needs unending celebrations from one and all. However, above all these lies the Indian Monsoon, operating as an important synthesizing factor between the relief and climate, nature and society, economy and politics and the dense network of perennial rivers working like the life lines of India’s culture and economy have always reinforced the bond of oneness among its diverse natural and socio-cultural attributes.

Chemistry XI Part-I

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The subject of Chemistry is intimately linked to the well-being of human kind. Every biological species and matter around them are composed of atoms and molecules which are fundamentally chemical in nature. They assign different functional attributes to matter made up of them. How and why substances combine or separate to form other substances, how substances interact to absorb or produce energy, the logical explanation of all sort of question are obtained in chemistry. Chemistry revolves around the study of composition, structure and property of any matter..The subject matter has been organized around the laws and principles of chemistry. The rate of development in this subject is too high. Keeping this in mind this course is developed, it is intended to cover the certain topics for the students of Class XI- Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, Structure of Atom, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in properties, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, States of Matter, Thermodynamics and Equilibrium. These chapters are divided into modules as per syllabus and each module will be having e-Content, video tutorial, Self Assessment questions and Weblinks. This is a 6 months course. Each week, one module containing e-text, video tutorial along with self-assessment and weblinks for extra study will be released.